[생명공학연구소] 2019학년도 제 3차 세미나 개최

생명공학연구소에서는 다음과 같이 세미나를 개최하고자 하오니

교수님들과 학생 여러분의 많은 참여 부탁드립니다

주제 :: Secreted metabolite-mediated microbial interactions underpinning biological control    and fungal ecology

연사 :: 강석찬 교수

(PennState College of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Pathology and        Environmental Microbiology)

(Areas of expertise: Biocontrol, Fungal genetics and genomics, Micobial chemical ecology,   Molecular diagnosis of plant pathogens)      

일시 :: 2020년 01월 15일 (수) 16:00

장소 :: 생명응용과학대학 생명공학관 333호

Abstract

Through evolutionary arms races and strategic alliances with other organisms, fungi have invented diverse interaction strategies. One strategy is secreting a wide variety of proteins, metabolites, and RNAs that function to manipulate interacting organisms. Compared to extensive research on secreted proteins, studies on secreted metabolites, especially those that are volatile, as signals or effectors have been limited. Because volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can travel through air, liquid, and porous soils, they can mediate both short- and long-distance organismal interactions. Since water may not be readily available to mediate organismal interactions in the soil, we initiated studies on if and how VOCs participate in fungal-fungal and fungal-bacterial interactions in the soil with the primary focus on their roles in biological control and the assembly and activity of rhizosphere microbiomes.

Certain Trichoderma strains protect plants from diverse pathogens using multiple mechanisms and have been commercialized as biocontrol agents. Our work on VOC-mediated interactions between several commercially used Trichoderma spp. and Fusarium oxysporum, a large species complex of soilborne fungi that infect diverse crop plants, revealed that VOC-mediated interactions potentially play important roles in determining the efficacy of Trichoderma-based biocontrol as well as fungal ecology. One mechanism is VOC-mediated pathogen recognition and response by Trichoderma. Both T. virens and T. viride significantly increased the production/secretion of anti-fungal metabolites in response to VOCs released by 13 strains of F. oxysporum, suggesting that they recognize the presence of other fungi without physical contact or water-mediated molecular interactions. Whereas T. asperellum did not respond to any, and T. harzianum responded to VCs from only some strains. Gene expression analysis via RNAseq showed up-regulation of some biocontrol-associated genes in T. virens in response to F. oxysporum VOCs.All four Trichoderma species suppressed F. oxysporum growth using their VOCs, suggesting their role as chemical weapons. F. oxysporum also recognizes and inhibits Trichoderma usingVOCs, suggesting that both forms of VOC-mediated inter-species interaction may be common among fungi. Metabolites, including VOCs, secreted by Trichoderma spp. also inhibited diverse rhizosphere bacteria cultured from tomato roots, suggesting that such metabolites likely affect the structure and activity of soil microbiomes. Implications of our findings to biological control and soil microbial ecology will be discussed.